First, what is debugging, why debugging
This is not nonsense. As a rookie, it may not be a So easy thing to face a familiar and unfamiliar board. What is debugging? Simply put, all the functions of our design are implemented on the PCB board. However, the purpose of debugging is not limited to this. Debugging must be able to verify the past and inspire the future. The above may be really nonsense.
Second, most problems, routines are truth
As a small soldier who entered the market shortly, he has accumulated a little bit of so-called experience in his long technical career. In fact, if you think about it, there are still many routines to solve the problem.
The core of the board - power supply:
The first step in board debugging is the power supply. No problem with the power supply means that the design is successful over 70%. Then there are several points in power debugging:
(1) Before power-on, measure whether each main circuit or shunt power supply is short-circuited to avoid burning.
(2) It is best to set several power indicator lights. If there is any indicator light on the power-on, check the power off first.
(3) Measure the power supply value of each channel and feel the temperature of the power supply unit.
More common causes of failure:
(1) The design is wrong: This is true. After the board comes back, you find that the schematic has an error.
(2) The device is wrong: including misuse and mislabeling, this problem is also very common.
(3) Design defects: The irrational application of the device leads to anomalies. At this time, take a good look at the schematic and datasheet.
(4) Production defects: mislabeled, soldered, leaky, tanned, reversed... Don't cry!
A few routines:
(1) Visual inspection. Some production defects and design defects can be found, be careful!
(2) Change and change. The most common routine, replacing the device.
(3) Step by step, looking for it along the way, there are many problems with the power-driven devices.
(4) The power characteristics of the power supply are the key points. The unreasonable power design will cause problems in the long-term work. Therefore, we must pay special attention to whether the power design of each power supply of the board is in place during debugging.
After the power supply is debugged, the program is programmed and the module circuit is debugged step by step. The specific steps are also referred to the above points, and most of the problems will be solved.
Third, a few problems, the sword went to the slant
After designing and debugging some boards, I really discovered the actual differences between theory and practice. For a few problems, especially some difficulties, I found that the other party has no flaws according to the usual routine. The most important thing at this time is to emancipate the mind and boldly Hypothesis and careful verification. for example:
1. The voltage is suddenly abnormal. I think that there is a problem. Check it many times and find that the power supply is wrong. This is not funny.
2, sensor signal acquisition noise is large, nowhere to start, replaced an op amp or resistors and capacitors, or add a tin, well.
3, especially the acquisition of weak signals or high-speed signals, line or joint differences, different placement, different shielding points, large differences in effect, more than a few hand-to-hand.
4, EMC / EMI related communication anomalies, often the PCB power or ground handling is improper, or improper shielding, improper protection.
5, power and ground are the core of most difficult problems! This is especially important, and I am deeply touched! The problem of solving problems is more on these two points. I once dealt with a small signal acquisition problem, the noise is uncertain, when the time is small, it seems to be opaque, and later changed the power supply of the switching power supply, OK! Once again, the signal acquisition process drifts large, and then inadvertently Touch to find signal changes, the result is power problems, temperature effects are too large, and so on.
Fourth, practice on internal strength, long sleeves and good dance
In fact, all the problem solving methods or routines mentioned above are always attributed to two points: solid basic knowledge + as much practical experience as possible. This is really a nonsense, but it is really a feeling. Now I really find the pleasure of reading and studying, because I constantly verify the value of books in practice. In the vast majority of cases, the so-called "singular squad" is also a problem-solving thinking that is expanded by rich knowledge.
Therefore, if you are doing things, you still have to be more sincere, this is the best routine!
Line array sound is a speaker system, and its technology and manufacturing have been developing steadily for many years. Recently, the situation has changed, and linear array speaker systems have appeared at many major sports events and large performances in the world.Linear array is a group of radiating elements arranged in a straight line and closely spaced, and has the same amplitude and phase. Through linear transmission, the transmission distance is increased and the attenuation during sound transmission is reduced.The advantages of linear array sound reinforcement systems are obvious.
(1) Due to the characteristics of the linear array, the directivity in the vertical plane of the main axis is a narrow beam, and the energy superposition can be radiated at a long distance. The lower end of the curved part of the linear column covers the near area, forming a coverage from near to far.(2) The improvement of the linear array amplifier is more in line with the requirements of technology, process and installation. The middle high-frequency part is more special, 2 (JBL) or 3 (V) tweeter outlets are connected together fJ2j, JBL company called it a sound wave generator, E-V company called it a plane wave generator. According to the analysis with MAPP software, the directivity of the linear array becomes more and more uniform with the increase of frequency. When a certain frequency is reached, such as 1000Hz, the directivity is radial, that is, the flap appears in the directivity map. At this time, the acoustic waveformer composed of the tweeter comes into play, so that the high-frequency directivity is superimposed. (3) Linear arrays cannot ignore mutual interference, and linear arrays themselves do not improve sound quality.
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