The inverter is a power adjustment device composed of semiconductor devices and is mainly used for converting DC power into AC power. It is generally composed of a boost circuit and an inverter bridge circuit. The boost circuit boosts the DC voltage of the solar cell to the DC voltage required for the output control of the inverter; the inverter bridge circuit converts the boosted DC voltage equivalently to an AC voltage of a common frequency. The inverter is mainly composed of a switching element such as a transistor, and the switching element is repeatedly turned on and off (ON-OFF) so that the DC input becomes an AC output. Of course, the output waveform of the inverter simply generated by the opening and closing loop is not practical. High-frequency pulse width modulation (SPWM) is generally required to narrow the width of the voltage near both ends of the sine wave, and the width of the voltage in the center of the sine wave becomes wider, and the switching element is always allowed to move in a direction at a certain frequency in the half cycle. A pulse train (quasi-sinusoidal wave). Then let the pulse wave form a sine wave with a simple filter.
The composition of components:
1, current sensor
Photovoltaic inverters generally use Hall current sensors for current sampling. The current sensors used vary from low power to high power. Some examples are listed below:
100KW: Detection current is about 300A, generally use JCE308-TS7 current sensor
250KW: Detection current is about 500A, generally use JCE508-TS6 current sensor
500KW: The detection current is about 1000A, generally use JCE1005-FS current sensor
1MW: The detection current is about 2000A, generally using JCE2005-FS current sensor
For the current sensor requires high accuracy, fast response time, and low temperature, high temperature and other environmental requirements
2, current transformer
Generally use BRS series current transformers, ranging from a few hundred to several thousand A, the output signal generally adopts 0-5A as the standard
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Which is better for home PV inverter installation? 1. Installed on PV bracket and precautionsThe common ground distributed project installation scheme can be installed near the bottom of a string of components, and the equipment can be fixed on the column by using a fixed bracket or a hoop type installation. This kind of scheme needs to pay attention to the strength of the bracket and the holding column and the height of the PV inverter from the ground, preventing the equipment from being placed too low in rainstorm flooding.
2, installed in the roof and precautionsThis type of installation is mainly in large industrial and commercial plants. Since the roof is empty, there are no ceilings and parapet walls, photovoltaic inverters have no place to hang. Considering the reduction of cable cost, photovoltaic inverters generally require self-made mounting brackets. The photovoltaic inverter is suspended on a self-made bracket, which needs to consider the load-bearing and fixed form of the inverter and the anti-typhoon capability in the coastal area.
As we all know, every 10C increase in ambient temperature, the life of electronic devices honesty, for this type of installation long-term exposure to the inverter in the hot sun, the inverter internal temperature will greatly increase, seriously affecting the life of the inverter critical components, inverse In order to protect the internal components, the inverter will derate and even the high temperature will cause inverter temperature failure. It is recommended that the PV inverter be equipped with a sunshade to avoid exposure to the sun.
Photovoltaic inverters are installed on the flat roof and will produce shadows. Therefore, when installing the equipment, components should be installed outside the shaded area of ​​the inverter as much as possible to avoid shading the components.
3, installed on the wall and precautionsThe common household distributed project rooftop power station installation form is installed in this form. The photovoltaic inverter is installed on the south wall as much as possible. The panel of the PV inverter must face the north and have less sun. The specific installation requirements are as follows:
(1) The installation of the machine must have a suitable height from the ground in order to observe and read the LED display.
(2) When installing outdoors, PV inverters should be equipped with waterproof sunscreens to prevent direct sunlight and rain immersion. Do not expose the inverter directly to the sun or other heat sources.
(3) Leave enough space for it to install and move the inverter. There must be a minimum distance of 50cm between the inverters that move in and out of the wind. The inverter that enters and exits the air is inhaled from the side, leaving a space of more than 100 em on both sides.
(4) Sufficient load-bearing weight is 1.5 times more than the weight of the inverter.
(5) The cooling air duct of the PV inverter is under the air inlet and outlet. The inverter shall be installed vertically. It is forbidden to install horizontally or upside down.
(6) The PV inverter must be placed in a space where the air circulates. The inverter is divided into two types: forced air cooling and natural heat dissipation. The inverter itself is a heat source, all the heat must be emitted in a timely manner and cannot be placed. In a closed space, otherwise the temperature will rise higher and higher.
1. Do not install the inverter in direct sunlight. Failure to do so may result in additional inverter internal temperatures and the inverter will derate to protect internal components. Even high temperatures cause inverter temperature faults.
2. Select the installation site to be strong enough to support the weight of the inverter for a long time.
3. The ambient temperature of the selected installation site is -25°C~50°C, and the installation environment is clean.
4. The ambient humidity of the selected installation site does not exceed 95% and there is no condensation.
5. There should be enough clearance in front of the inverter to make it easy to observe data and maintain.
6, the installation place to ensure that it will not shake.
1. Before installation, first check whether the inverter is damaged during transportation.
2. When selecting the photovoltaic inverter installation site, it should be ensured that there is no interference from any other power electronic devices in the surrounding area.
3. Before the electrical connection is made, be sure to use opaque materials to cover or disconnect the DC-side circuit breakers from the PV panels. Exposure to sunlight, PV arrays will generate dangerous voltages.
4. All installation operations must be completed by professional technicians only.
5. The cables used in the photovoltaic system power generation system must be connected firmly, well insulated and the specifications are appropriate.
6. All electrical installations must meet local and national electrical standards.
7. The inverter can be connected to the grid only after obtaining the permission of the local power department and completing all electrical connections by professional technicians.
8. Before performing any maintenance work, first disconnect the electrical connection between the inverter and the grid, and then disconnect the DC-side electrical connection.
9. Wait at least 5 minutes until the internal components have been discharged to perform maintenance work.
10. Any fault affecting the safety performance of the inverter must be immediately ruled out before the inverter can be switched on again.
11, to avoid unnecessary circuit board contact.
12. Observe the static protection regulations and wear an antistatic wristband.
13. Observe and follow the warning signs on the product.
14. Initially visually inspect the equipment for damage or other dangerous conditions before operation.
15. Pay attention to the thermal surface of the inverter. Power semiconductor heat sinks, for example, maintain a relatively high temperature for a period of time after the inverter is powered off.
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