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Abstract: TDA9332H is a display processor for high-end color TV produced by Philips. It can be used for single-scan (50 or 60Hz) and dual-scan (100 or 120Hz) TV signal processing. The article introduces the structural principle and performance characteristics of TDA9332H, and gives the application method of TDA9332H in high-end color TV.Keywords: display processor; high-end color TV; YUV/RGB; TDA9332H
1 Main features of TDA9332H
The TDA9332H is a display processor designed by Philips for high-end color TVs. It is available in a 44-pin QFP package, as shown in Figure 1. In addition, the chip has the following features:
â— With YUV input and RGB signal input with fast blanking, its OSD/Text input is separated from other video signal inputs, and has both fast blanking and hybrid insertion. At the same time, RGB control processor is built in. It can implement continuous cathode correction (CCC), white point and black level offset adjustment; it can provide black current stable RGB output; it can effectively solve the defects such as color cast and contrast reduction of CRT display image caused by excessive use time. .
• Programmable deflection processors that generate internal clocks that include row drive, field deflection, and east-corrected parabolic waves. The circuit can accommodate both 4:3 and 16:9 picture tubes.
â— Can be used for single scan (50Hz or 60Hz) or dual scan (100Hz or 120Hz).
The internal clock generator for line and field deflection processing can be synchronized by a 12 MHz ceramic resonator, thereby improving the timing accuracy of the line and field deflection processing circuits.
â— Line synchronization circuit with two control loops, and the row oscillator does not need to be adjusted; the row drive pulse can implement slow start and slow stop; it has line and field geometric distortion processing capability and horizontal parallelogram and bow correction function.
◠The built-in blue extension circuit can shift the near-white color to the blue side to improve the brightness of the white area of ​​the image.
â—The non-standard brightness signal also has a black level extension processing function, so that the video signals input by different sources have a consistent image level after being processed by the circuit; meanwhile, the device is also internally provided with a switchable color difference signal. Matrix, which can be applied to the processing and display of multi-standard color difference signals;
â— With horizontal and vertical zoom function, and vertical roll frame function suitable for 16:9 picture tube.
â— The power supply voltage of this chip is +8V, and the total supply current is 50mA. All functions inside the chip can be controlled by I2C bus.
2 pin function and internal structure
The TDA9332H has 44 pins, and the functions of each pin are listed in Table 1. Figure 2 shows a block diagram of its internal structure.
Table 1 Pin Functions of TDA9332H
| Pin identification | Pin number | Pin function description | Pin identification | Pin number | Pin function description |
| VDOA | 1 | Geometrically corrected field sawtooth output A | VD | twenty three | Field sync input |
| VDOB | 2 | Geometrically corrected field sawtooth output B | HD | twenty four | Line sync input |
| EWO | 3 | East and West pillow school throwing special wave output | DACOUT | 25 | DAC output |
| EHTIN | 4 | High voltage stable detection signal output | VIN | 26 | V signal input |
| FLASH | 5 | Quick detection input | UIN | 27 | U signal input |
| GND1 | 6 | Ground | YIN | 28 | Y signal input |
| DECVD | 7 | Digital power supply filtering | FBCSO | 29 | Fixed beam current shutdown input |
| HOUT | 8 | Line excitation pulse output | RI1 | 30 | Red primary signal 1 insertion |
| SCO | 9 | Sandcastle pulse output | GI1 | 31 | Green primary signal 1 is inserted |
| SCL | 10 | I2C bus clock line | BI1 | 32 | Blue primary signal 1 insertion |
| SDA | 11 | I2C bus data line | BL1 | 33 | Fast blanking 1 insertion |
| HSEL | 12 | Line frequency selection control | PWL | 34 | Baifeng limit decoupling |
| HFB | 13 | Reverse pulse input | RI2 | 35 | Red primary signal 2 insertion |
| DPC | 14 | Dynamic phase compensation | GI2 | 36 | Green primary signal 2 is inserted |
| VSC | 15 | Field sawtooth wave formation, external sawtooth wave forming capacitor | BI2 | 37 | Blue primary signal 2 insertion |
| IREF | 16 | Field sawtooth wave forming reference current setting | BL2 | 38 | Fast blanking 2 insertion |
| VPI | 17 | +8V power supply (line start) | VP2 | 39 | +8V power supply |
| DECBG | 18 | Power supply regulator capacitor connection (bandgap filter) | RO | 40 | Red primary signal output |
| GND2 | 19 | Ground | GO | 41 | Green primary signal output |
| XTALI | 20 | 12MHz crystal input | BO | 42 | Blue primary signal output |
| XTALO | twenty one | 12MHz crystal output | BCL | 43 | Beam current limit input |
| LPSU | twenty two | Low voltage start circuit power supply | BLKIN | 44 | Black current detection input |
3 How does the TDA9332H work?
3.1 Image signal selection and display processing
Image signal selection and display processing in the TDA9332H includes conversion of RGB signals to YUV signals, YUV selection, black level extension and chrominance control, primary color matrix, contrast control, primary color signal selection, white peak and brightness control, peak clipping and beam current Control, dark balance automatic adjustment, blue level extension and output amplification. The TDA9332H has three signal inputs, a YUV and two RGB inputs. The YUV input port outputs a YUV signal for the double field/progressive processing portion.
Among the above three input ports, the first RGB input port is used for input of external video RGB signals, and the second RGB input port is used for RGB signal input of OSD and teletext. The signal conversion of the three inputs is controlled by the microprocessor through the I2C bus.
The processing of the RGB output signal includes white peak clipping, beam current limiting, continuous calibration of the cathode beam current, and blue level extension.
3.2 Synchronization, deflection small signal processing and geometric distortion correction
figure 2
   (1) clock generator and first phase-locked loop
The clock generator in TDA9332H is a voltage-controlled oscillator and a first phase-locked loop to generate the clock signal required for synchronization and deflection processing. The free-oscillation frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator is 880 times the line frequency of the input signal (1fH mode). Or 440 times (2fH mode). The internal voltage controlled oscillator frequency is determined by the input line sync signal and the control potential of the mode select terminal.
(2) The principle of the second phase-locked loop and horizontal phase shifting
After the voltage controlled oscillator is divided by 880 or 440, the obtained 1fH or 2fH line excitation signal is sent to the second phase locked loop to perform phase discrimination with the line back pulse. The error signal is internally filtered to control the phase of the row excitation pulse, and can also be used to correct the horizontal phase shift of the image caused by the beam current variation.
In order to correct the amplitude change caused by the beam current change, the TDA9332H also sets the dynamic line fine adjustment function. After one end of the high-voltage winding of the line output transformer is introduced into the dynamic step width trimming sampling voltage to the 14 feet of the TDA9332H, the beam current change will cause the potential change of the foot, and the internal correction circuit can automatically adjust according to the potential change at the point. The phase of the reverse pulse of the second phase-detecting loop. When the beam current increases, the output of the second phase-detecting loop will reduce the amplitude of the line, and vice versa, the line width will increase, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically fine-tuning the line amplitude with the beam current.
Inside the TDA9332H, the error control voltage of the second phase-locked loop output can be changed by the I2C bus data to achieve the effect adjustment of the horizontal direction of the image; the trick adjustment is based on the vertical deflection center, and the upper and lower sides are respectively used. The scanning lines of the two halves are implemented by increasing the phase shift line by line.
(3) Geometric distortion correction
The TDA9332H's built-in field geometry correction circuit can perform field amplitude adjustment, sigmoid correction, field slope correction, field offset and field zoom, field volume frame (ie, when the field scan is expanded, the image can be moved in the vertical direction), and the field waits ( The function of the spot scan starting point adjustable delay).
The TDA9332H's east-west geometry correction includes line width increase range, east-west angle and parabolic wave ratio, east-west corner and parabolic ratio, and east-west keystone distortion according to zoom performance.
The TDA9332H also has an EHT compensation input signal that can be used to control the field and E-W output signals, as well as the relative control of the two via the I2C bus.
4 TDA9332H application in high-end color TV
Figure 3 shows a typical application block diagram of the TDA9332H in high-end TVs. The ordinary TV signal is converted into multiplier or progressive Y, U, V signals by the scan rate converter. This signal is added to the 26, 27, and 28 feet of the TDA9332H, and then the R, G of the high-definition digital TV set-top box is output. The B signal or the R, G, and B signals output by the PC are added to the 30, 31, and 32 pins of the TDA9332H, and then the signal is processed by the internal RGB-YUV matrix and the switching switch of the video component signal, and thereby a A television signal is transmitted. The R, G, B signals and blanking signals of the OSD are input from the 35, 36, 37, and 38 pins, mixed with the incoming main TV signal, and then white point and brightness control and output buffering, and then 40, 41, The 42-pin output is divided into three channels and transmitted to the final stage of the 32MHz bandwidth TDA6120Q for power amplification, and finally added to the cathode of the picture tube.
In order to improve the image quality, the TDA9332H also incorporates a black level extension circuit, a blue level extension circuit, a white peak limiting and an automatic brightness control circuit. The ABL voltage detected by the high voltage winding of the reverse transformer is amplified by the triode and applied to the 43 pin; and the black current calibration voltage of the CRT cathode current detected by the final stage is added to the 44 pin to automatically adjust the brightness of the CRT. calibration.
5 Conclusion
Since all functions of the TDA9332H are controlled by the I2C bus, the application is simple, the peripheral components are few, the power consumption is low, and the cost performance is high. Therefore, the chip has been more and more widely used in various high-end televisions such as progressive scan color television and digital high definition television.
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