The 5G era is coming, and 5G technology has become a battleground for major manufacturers. In order to drive the development of 5G networks, Datang Mobile will focus on the Internet of Things and the field of car networking, and want to build a complete ecological chain covering terminals, networks, platforms and applications.
At present, network information technology has become the commanding height of global science and technology competition, and 5G is a battleground for commanding heights. Countries around the world compete to advance and accelerate development. From the technical concept to the world's largest 5G trial network, China's information and communication industry has driven the development of 5G with innovation and achieved remarkable results.
In order to actively promote and promote the integration and innovation of 5G and various industries, Datang has made key arrangements in the field of Internet of Things and Internet of Vehicles, and joined hands with partners to build a complete ecological chain covering end, network, platform and application. Recently, Datang Mobile teamed up with China Telecom and Baidu to launch the driverless vehicle networking action plan at the 3rd New Generation Internet Infrastructure Forum, focusing on the scenario requirements of driverless car networking, and establishing Baidu and Datang Joint Innovation Working Group. Carry out innovative cooperation on unmanned technology based on the combination of edge computing and vehicle networking.
First, the key business needs of 5G car networkingThe main body of the Internet of Vehicles is the car. The ultimate goal of the Internet of Vehicles is to achieve control and information coordination through the integration of two technical paths of intelligentization and networking, so that the vehicle can pass information with external nodes based on the direct detection of its own intelligent sensors. Interaction, to achieve a more comprehensive environmental awareness, to better support vehicle decision-making and control, and ultimately to achieve a new generation of cars that replace people to operate - intelligent networked cars.
LTE-V2X is a networked communication technology that provides vehicles, including cellular communication (UU) and direct communication (PC5). Among them, cellular communication (UU) supports high-bandwidth, wide-coverage, and long-distance communication connections by means of the existing LTE cellular network, and provides information services such as map downloading. The PC5 mode realizes low-latency and high-reliability communication between the vehicle and surrounding vehicles and roadside infrastructure through direct communication between terminals, and meets the requirements for auxiliary traffic safety applications such as collision warning and emergency avoidance.
In the 5G era, the Internet of Vehicles evolved from assisted driving to autonomous driving. PC5 pass-through mode can not meet the requirements of automatic driving control because of the close-range distributed communication. It is necessary to send the control commands to the vehicle after comprehensive analysis and decision of the information of the car, road, people and network. This information needs to be distributed and transmitted through the cellular network. . When autonomous driving becomes a reality, the driver of the car can be liberated into passengers, and passengers on the bus can conduct large-capacity and high-traffic applications such as video business meetings and networked games on the highway. Therefore, the business development of 5G's car networking needs the cellular network to support low-latency and high-reliability control decision-making commands, and to support large-bandwidth and high-traffic service information transmission.
Second, the current network problemsThe current 4G network architecture is shown below:
Faced with the business needs of 5G car networking, the current 4G network can no longer meet the requirements of the business. Mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1) Insufficient transmission bandwidth
The real-time entertainment interactive single user of the 5G car network requires the M-level rate requirement. The bandwidth of the current 4G air interface is limited. In particular, the edge users are limited in uplink, and the 5G NR is required to achieve 100 times the air interface rate. At the same time, the rate of single users is increased, and all user data is forwarded through the centralized core gateway, which has a large pressure on the centralized transmission of the core network.
2) The network delay is too large
The 5G vehicle network automatic driving control requires a delay of 10ms. All current 4G services need to be transmitted over a multi-layer network, and the transmission delay is large, which cannot meet the requirements of low-latency control commands.
Third, 5G car networking network architectureIn order to meet the business needs of 5G car networking, the 5G network architecture needs to evolve as shown in the following figure.
1) Core network control and forwarding separation
The control plane and data plane of the core network are separated, the control plane is still concentrated in the core layer, and the data plane sinks to the edge of the convergence layer.
2) Access network CU and DU are separated
The centralized unit and the distribution unit of the access network BBU are separated. The distribution unit (DU) is responsible for real-time processing such as PL and MAC. The centralized unit is divided into a control plane (CU-C) and a user plane (CU-U), which respectively process RRC signaling and PDCP data forwarding related to user access.
The core of the 5G car network architecture is that the data plane of the core network sinks and the CU-U is deployed centrally to form the edge cloud computing node MEC. The deployment of the MEC enables the UU port data to be parsed at the edge of the network to reduce the processing delay of the car network control data, and the MEC's ​​local data forwarding can reduce the pressure on the core transmission ring of the large-capacity car entertainment data.
At present, Datang Mobile's LTE-V car networking application platform based on 4G network integration MEC has been demonstrated in China Telecom North Research Institute. It is believed that with the maturity of 5G networks and equipment, unmanned smart car networking No longer far away.
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