RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, Radio Frequency IdenTIficaTIon) is a non-contact automatic identification technology. The simplest RFID system consists of a tag, a reader, and an antenna (Antenna) - other hardware and software support is required in practical applications. The working principle is not complicated: after the tag enters the magnetic field, it receives the RF signal from the reader, and sends the product information (Passive Tag, passive tag or passive tag) stored in the chip by the energy obtained by the induced current, or actively Send a signal of a certain frequency (AcTIve Tag, active tag or active tag), the reader reads the information and decodes it, and sends it to the central information system for data processing. The origin of RFID was earlier, and it was applied to the identification of fighters during World War II.
But now the RFID we are talking about is derived from the application of the logistics industry in the field of automatic identification. The main frequency is between 860 and 960 MH, which mainly solves the problem of a larger number of goods inventory and longer distances. Card-type applications for bus payment systems, etc., are not considered RFID in the industry, but they are a broad definition of RFID for ISO.
The emergence of RFID is not only a new identification technology, but a new definition from the means of information transmission. RFID (Rebuilding For InformaTIon Delivery) is the best interpretation of RFID. The RFID tag is embedded in the plastic label of the product it sells, and it can quickly check the goods, check the incoming goods and improve the supply capacity. Whether for computer recording or consumer use, efficiency will be greatly improved.
NFC (Near Field Communication) is a fusion of RFID and interconnect technology. NFC works in the 13.56 MHz international open band, and its data transmission rate can be 106, 212 or 424 kbps. In most applications, no more than 10 cm.
NFC technology combines contactless readers, contactless cards and peer-to-peer functions on a single chip. Dependent reader devices provide power by providing inductive RF coupling, eliminating the need for a power supply. NFC is cost-effective, easy to use, and more intuitive. NFC opens up new and unique areas in the identification and connectivity market.
The air interface of NFC technology is defined as ISO 18092, while the air interface of RFID is ISO 18000, which shows the technical relevance of the two. NFC's chip integrates read and write functions, and its positioning is destined to serve people. RFID technology can be used to identify and track almost all objects, and thereby build a broad intelligent network that accommodates and links all the world's items. So far, RFID technology has provided services such as raw material tracking, product identification, logistics supply, wholesale and retail, anti-counterfeiting certification and equipment control for many industries, effectively improving the value chain of enterprises. RFID is also used in many fields such as traffic management, small-scale consumption, and identification, and brings good social and economic benefits.
Due to its physical characteristics, NFC has decided to be used only in short-distance applications, such as electronic ticketing and electronic payment. Electronic tickets only need to be passively identified, while electronic payment is applied from both the payment and identification perspectives, thus more reflecting the advantages of NFC.
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