Detailed knowledge of chip capacitors

SMD aluminum electrolytic capacitor

Crystal oscillator

0805-Murata muRata chip capacitor C0G 2.2nF

The full name of the chip capacitor: multi-layer (stacked, laminated) chip ceramic capacitors, also known as chip capacitors, chip capacity. English abbreviation: MLCC.
Basic Overview Chip capacitors (multi-layer chip ceramic capacitors) are commonly used components at present. For the chip capacitors produced by AVX, there are different specifications such as NPO, X7R, Z5U, and Y5V. Different specifications are different. the use of. Below we only introduce the performance and application of the commonly used NPO, X7R, Z5U and Y5V and the ordering items that should be paid attention to in order to attract everyone's attention.

There are two kinds of size representations of size chip capacitors, one is expressed in inches, one is expressed in millimeters, and the series models of chip capacitors are 0402, 0603, 0805, 1206, 1210, 1808, 1812, 2010, 2225, 2512, is the inch representation, 04 means the length is 0.04 inches, 02 means the width is 0.02 inches, other similar models (mm)
Inch size metric length and tolerance width and tolerance thickness and tolerance 0402 1005 1.00±0.05 0.50±0.05 0.50±0.05
0603 1608 1.60±0.10 0.80±0.10 0.80±0.10
0805 2012 2.00±0.20 1.25±0.20 0.70±0.20 1.00±0.20 1.25±0.20
1206 3216 3.00±0.30 1.60±0.20 0.70±0.20 1.00±0.20 1.25±0.20
1210 3225 3.00±0.30 2.54±0.30 1.25±0.30 1.50±0.30
1808 4520 4.50±0.40 2.00±0.20 ≤2.00
1812 4532 4.50±0.40 3.20±0.30 ≤2.50
2225 5763 5.70±0.50 6.30±0.50 ≤2.50
3035 7690 7.60±0.50 9.00±0.05 ≤3.00
The names of named chip capacitors include the size of the chip capacitor, the material used to make the chip capacitor, the required accuracy, the required voltage, the required capacity, the end requirements, and the packaging requirements. Generally, the parameters to be supplied for the chip capacitor must be the size, the required accuracy, the voltage requirement, the capacity value, and the required brand.
The name of the patch capacitor of the Fenghua series:
0805CG102J500NT 0805: It means that the size of the chip capacitor is small. It is expressed in inches. The length of 08 is 0.08 inches, and the width of 05 is 0.05 inches. CG: It is the material used for this capacitor. This material is generally suitable. For capacitors less than 10000 PF, 102: refers to the capacitance capacity, the first two digits are significant digits, the latter 2 indicates how many zeros 102 = 10 × 102 is also = 1000PF J: is the error required to achieve the capacity value of the capacitor Accuracy is 5%, dielectric material and error accuracy are paired 500: It is required that the capacitor withstand voltage of 50V is the same 500. The first two digits are valid figures, followed by the number of zeros. N: refers to the end material. Now the general end refers to the three-layer electrode (silver/copper layer), nickel, tin T: refers to the packaging method, T represents the tape packaging, and B represents the plastic packaging package. The color of the capacitor is much more conventional than the cardboard box, which is slightly yellower and blue-gray. This will have different differences in the specific production process. There is no printing on the chip capacitor. This is related to his production process. The chip capacitor is formed by high-temperature sintering, so there is no way to print on its surface, and the chip resistor is silk-screened (printable mark).
The chip capacitors have medium and high voltage chip capacitors and common chip capacitors. The series voltages are 6.3V, 10V, 16V, 25V, 50V, 100V, 200V, 500V, 1000V, 2000V, 3000V, 4000V. Two kinds, one is expressed in units of inches, one is expressed in millimeters, and the models of the chip capacitor series are 0201, 0402, 0603, 0805, 1206, 1210, 1812, 2010, 2225, and the like. The material of the chip capacitor is generally divided into three types, NPO, X7R, Y5V NPO. This material has the most stable electrical properties and hardly changes with temperature, voltage and time. It is suitable for high-frequency circuits with low loss and stability requirements. .
The capacity accuracy is about 5%, but this material can only be used for smaller capacity. Under conventional 100PF, 100PF-1000PF can also be produced but the price is higher. X7R is less stable than NPO, but the capacity is better than NPO. The material is high and the capacity accuracy is about 10%. Y5V The capacitance of this kind of medium has poor stability and the capacity deviation is about 20%. It is sensitive to temperature and voltage, but this material can achieve high capacity and low price, suitable for temperature changes. In the circuit.
Package chip capacitors: can be divided into two types of non-polarity and polarity, non-polar capacitors The following two types of packages are the most common, namely 0805, 0603; and there are polar capacitors, which we usually call electrolytic capacitors, generally we The most commonly used aluminum electrolytic capacitors, because the electrolyte is aluminum, so its temperature stability and accuracy are not very high, and the patch components because of its close to the circuit board, so the temperature stability is required, so the patch Capacitors are mostly tantalum capacitors. According to their different withstand voltage, chip capacitors can be divided into four series: A, B, C, and D.
The specific classification is as follows: type package type withstand voltage A 3216 10V
B 3528 16V
C 6032 25V
D 7343 35V
Classification of classified chip capacitors One NPO capacitor two X7R capacitor Three Z5U capacitor Four Y5V capacitor difference: The main difference between NPO, X7R, Z5U and Y5V is that their filling medium is different. In the same volume, the capacity of the capacitor composed of different filling media is different, and the dielectric loss and capacity stability of the capacitor are also different. Therefore, when using capacitors, different capacitors should be selected according to the different roles of capacitors in the circuit.

An NPO capacitor

NPO is one of the most commonly used monolithic ceramic capacitors with temperature compensation characteristics. Its filling medium consists of ruthenium, osmium and some other rare oxides.

NPO capacitors are one of the most stable capacitors for capacitance and dielectric loss. The capacity change is 0±30ppm/°C when the temperature is from -55°C to 125°C, and the capacitance changes with frequency less than ±0.3ΔC. The drift or hysteresis of the NPO capacitor is less than ±0.05%, which is relatively larger than ±2% of the film capacitance. Said to be negligible. The typical capacity change with respect to service life is less than ±0.1%. NPO capacitors vary in capacitance and dielectric loss with frequency depending on the package form. Large package sizes are better than small package sizes. The table below shows the range of capacities that can be selected for NPO capacitors.

Package DC=50V DC=100V

0805 0.5---1000pF 0.5---820pF

1206 0.5---1200pF 0.5---1800pF

1210 560---5600pF 560---2700pF

2225 1000pF---0.033μF 1000pF---0.018μF

NPO capacitors are suitable for use in oscillators, tank tank capacitors, and coupling capacitors in high frequency circuits.