In the field of solar energy, the initial layout of those who choose to enter the crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels, the majority of late comers chose to follow, but there are also other areas bet. Li Hanjun of Hanergy, for example, is betting on thin-film photovoltaics. There is also a group of people who have chosen a completely different route from photovoltaics and tried to dig out gold on the road to CSP. Among them, Xue Liming, the founder of China Haiyang, is the firmest in the country. CSP promoter.
Bet on solar power
Although they belong to the field of solar energy utilization, the principles of photovoltaics and solar thermal applications are completely different. Photovoltaic power generation uses solar cells to convert solar energy directly into electrical energy, while photothermal power generation uses mirrors to collect heat energy and provide steam through heat exchange devices to drive conventional turbine generators to generate electricity.
Compared to the photovoltaic power generation in the 21st century, the water of CSP has never been boiled. So far there has not been a large-scale commercial CSP project in China. In the past year, the domestic installed capacity of new photovoltaic power has exceeded 11GW.
The most conditional access to the field of solar thermal power is China's solar water heater companies, because the two in the application of the principle is the same, but solar water heaters are low temperature applications, limited to provide hot water; and light and heat power generation is a high temperature applications It is necessary to convert hot water to steam to drive the turbine generator and eventually provide electricity.
It looks like you can go one step further, but this step is not easy. Sunrise East (15.66, -0.18, -1.14%) Solar Energy Corporation is a leading domestic solar water heater company. Its chairman, Xu Xinjian, said in an interview with Sina Finance Canmin faction that they did not dare to enter the field of CSP, because The current cost of power generation does not yet have the advantage of competing with traditional power sources, and it cannot even compete with photovoltaic power generation. The earliest involved in the thermal power generation of the Emperor Ming solar energy is only to stay in a small range of distributed applications, try nothing.
On the same issue, people with different personalities will give different answers. Although solar water heater companies have little interest in CSP, Xue Liming has many reasons to support his enthusiasm for CSP. "Photovoltaic power generation is suitable for distribution, and the construction of large bases still depends on solar thermal power generation." He believes that solar thermal power generation will become one of China's base and energy sources.
This is because photovoltaic electricity is uploaded to the grid after converting light energy into electricity. Its load is nonlinear, and therefore it will generate "harmonic pollution" to the grid. Photovoltaic power generation adopts the similar treatment as nuclear power and thermal power. Steam is used to drive steam turbines to generate electricity, and the rotation speed is stable. The power quality is the same as nuclear power and thermal power. Therefore, some countries have positioned CSP as the future basic load energy source.
"We will really form core competitiveness in the light of heat this point." Xue Liming said when the company's future competitiveness. At present, China Haiyang is in the process of orderly integration of solar photovoltaic power stations. At the same time, from the perspective of technological innovation and market innovation, the company will increase the development of the field of solar thermal power and gradually complete the center of gravity of solar thermal power generation.
In 2010, Haiyang began to cut into CSP. In February 2011, China Haiyang established Chengdu Zende Solar Power Co., Ltd. in Chengdu Shuangliu with a registered capital of RMB 200 million to build a R&D base for solar concentrating thermal power reflectors. The research and development, production and sales of solar concentrating thermal power generation equipment.
The base has imported the world's most advanced production line from international manufacturers such as Bando of Japan, Glasstech of the United States, and Klopper of Germany. It has invested 500 million yuan to realize the new product release in June 2013, becoming China's first solar energy with advanced international technology. CSP mirror production line.
Compared to the solar water heater companies' wait-and-see attitude towards the CSP market, Xue Liming’s courage is undoubtedly amazing. In the field of CSP, he is farther than his predecessors.
“We started to enter in 2010 and we really began to commercialize the domestic commercialization in 2014 before we started to really start. After five years of accumulation, we accumulated this depth in five years, not only in the technology field, market area, and equipment. In the field of manufacturing, we are all leading and we dare not say first. We must definitely be leading.†Xue Liming has an old baby face. It is difficult to see his age, only talking about solar thermal power generation. At that time, we can see the 40-year-old man's heart-stirring accumulation.
CSP will break out this year
CSP power plants are usually built in uninhabited deserts, but ideally they cannot be built in a mobile desert. They require solid foundation support, and the first basic support is funding.
The cost of CSP is a major obstacle to large-scale marketization. According to Hu Runqing, Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, China's average CSP cost is 1.38 yuan/kWh, which is twice as high as the average PV generation cost of 0.58 yuan. many.
Xue Liming chooses photovoltaic and solar thermal two-wheel drive to use photovoltaics to maintain photovoltaics. In the field of photovoltaics, Xue Liming’s profit margin has been maintained at a relatively good level due to his earlier involvement in the development of photovoltaic power plants in China. The return on investment of many EPC projects for first-line photovoltaic power plant developers in China is generally maintained at about 11%, which is different from that of Zhonghaiyang Power Plant Project. Always maintain profit margins above 20%.
In 2013, China Haiyang achieved an operating income of 1.04 billion yuan, an increase of 28.55% over the same period of last year, and a net profit of 65.258 million yuan, which was more than double the year-on-year increase. Xue Liming said that in the past few years, more than 90% of the company’s revenue and profits have come from the photovoltaic sector, and these funds have been used for the development of technology and production lines for solar thermal power generation. "We are investing in the light and heat period."
In addition to the company's operating income, Xue Liming’s funding in the field of solar thermal also comes from the full use of the financing channels created by the new three-board platform. Since the company was listed in March 2010, China Haiyang has raised a total of 488 million yuan in funds through equity and bond financing, of which 212 million yuan has been used for the construction of a CSP production base. For several rounds of financing, Xue Liming said: "We have a considerable horizontal comparison of the new three boards, or for the small and medium-sized boards and GEM boards that have been listed for more than a year. We are still very impressive."
The sense of smell in the capital market is the most sensitive. In 2014, there will be a major breakthrough in China's CSP market, and the promoter is the China National General Nuclear Power. On July 1, CGN Qinghai Delingha 50MW trough type solar thermal power project will be formally started construction, and a 100MW tower-type solar thermal power station will also be built. The start of this project means that China's solar thermal power generation market will formally enter into large-scale Commercial application.
What is even more exciting for Xue Liming is that China Guangdong Nuclear Power will also rely on the Delingha 50MW solar thermal power generation project in Qinghai Province to build a national energy solar thermal power generation technology R&D center. "Now one billion has been invested. Most of the preliminary work has already been done and will be fully rolled out this year."
More and more players will be able to bring the dream of CSP into reality. Just like crystal silicon PV before 1978, a large amount of capital will enter and emerging companies will emerge in an endless stream. Photovoltaic power generation costs will occupy the market. Constantly lower. Photothermal power also needs such a process.
In foreign countries, the United States and Spain are the main force of CSP, and the well-known Internet company Google has also been active in the field of CSP, such as investing US$260 million in the construction of Africa’s 96MW Jasper solar project. "Roasted Bird Project" Ivan Patta-type CSP station. The installed capacity of solar thermal power generation in Spain accounted for 7.7% of the country in April this year.
“If China takes 10 years, the installed capacity of CSP will account for 2%-3% of the total installed capacity, which is a considerable achievement.†Xue Liming believes that this day will not be too far away. He judged that China's CSP market will erupt in 2014. "In the past few years, photovoltaic power generation has supported our solar thermal power generation. But from now on, the share of solar thermal power generation will gradually increase. After two or three years, this quota will increase."
Faced with a possible market explosion, Xue Liming’s requirements for himself and his team are to be quiet and steady. In the face of numerous companies that require cooperation, Xue Liming warns senior executives in the financing sector that they must adhere to a principle that is: The cooperators who are fully aware of CSP are fully aware of it; “Larger companies or institutions, even if they have sufficient funds, are just not the ideal partner for us if they just want to scramble.â€
No one is more urgent than Xue Liming while waiting for the outbreak of the CSP market. However, in the face of possible opportunities, he needs to calm down first.
Self-cultivation, inner peace
Just like Yang Huaijin, President of Hairun Photovoltaic (8.80, -0.39, -4.24%), Xue Liming is also a Buddha. He takes meditation every day and practices self-cultivation. During the interview, Xue pointed to a potted plant on the table: “The roots are strong, and the branches and leaves will naturally flourish.†He believes that the root of the enterprise is the entrepreneur’s own heart, and that everything will come to fruition when it is practiced.
In the process of participating in the Buddha, Xue Liming gained peace in his heart. "Quiet is a place where I'm doing well. I can calm down and in whatever circumstances, no matter how big things are." Quietly urging young talented Xue Liming to have a little more detachment.
Silent Xue Liming can examine the CSP business with a broader perspective. "A lot of new energy companies will say today that new energy will replace fossil fuels in the future. I don't agree with this view. I don't think that either traditional fossil fuels or new energy sources are energy for solar energy conversion. It is impossible to be completely antagonistic." With many new energy entrepreneurs emphasizing the competition between energy sources, Xue Liming values ​​the integration of energy sources.
Today, Xue is leading Haiyang to research solar thermal oil production technology and combine new energy with traditional fossil energy. This is not Zhongyang Yang's original creation. In the Middle East, the use of photothermal technology to drive heavy oil production has been formally put into operation, with good economic returns.
Xue Liming said that currently Haiyang has a series of technologies involved in the design, equipment manufacturing and system integration of solar thermal heat oil production. The steam produced by the solar thermal system is superheated steam, steam temperature and dryness. The parameters are extremely excellent for heavy oil production. This comprehensive application technology is still the first in the country.
In the process of heavy oil extraction, it is necessary to drive oil. Heat flooding is a more mainstream means of oil displacement. However, whether it is relying on oil or gas to generate heat will cause waste of resources and cause pollution. “Now this piece can make good use of the medium-to-high temperature of solar energy. Not only can it create steam, but it can also provide electricity. This is equivalent to an independent power supply and heating system. It has both heat and electricity.†Xue Liming calculated that relying on photothermal technology should save the oil company a large amount of mining costs.
This technique is particularly suitable for the Gobi Desert, such as Xinjiang. According to the calculation and analysis conducted by the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China has more than 1.3 million square kilometers of desert Gobi, and more than 300,000 square kilometers is suitable for solar thermal power generation.
The outlook for the future is always prosperous, and the other side of the dream of reaching CSP is Xue Dawn, who also needs a boat and an wormwood. Zhou is an excellent talent and Artemisia is an incentive mechanism.
“First we need to get together.†Xue Liming said that his first requirement for selecting employees is to believe in the industry of “heat and electricity,†“everyone is heading in one direction. If we are all very strong, you are on this side, he is on this side, I am facing this side. This is not a concerted effort. We must have a sense of identity in this first criterion. We must believe in the industry we are engaged in. The second is your professional experience and ability in all aspects."
In terms of incentives, Xue Liming admired Li Ka-shing's state of “no-selfâ€. The philosophy of Li Ka-shing of the Buddha is: "Establishing oneself and pursuing selflessness." Xue Liming said that these eight words contain great wisdom (5.98, 0.00, 0.00%). As a manager and leader of a company, it is necessary to create a good working atmosphere and establish self-worth. After that, the stage must be given to the team members to allow them to display, create, and build their self. Reach the state of "nothing".
In the past, the rapid replacement of solar energy industry has also made the young leaner Xue Liming more alert. "Why isn’t a lot of so-called riches gone soon? He not only established himself, but he constantly enlarged his self. What was the last thing? The last member of the team couldn't find his place. He couldn’t find him. Your own position."
Xue Liming believes that in the development process of China COOEC in the past ten years, he created at least a comfortable and warm working atmosphere for the staff of Haiyang, and gave a platform for employees to fully display, and he was trying to pursue the process of selflessness. Not lost.
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