The service of the aircraft carrier of the Liaoning aircraft carrier and the launch of the first China-built 001A aircraft carrier, the Chinese saw the increasingly powerful equipment strength of the People’s Navy. In addition, the new generation 055 large-scale guided missile destroyer, which was built at the Shanghai Jiangnan Shipyard and the Dalian Dalian Shipyard, will become the absolute backbone of the Chinese navy. However, on the power system of large surface warships, the Chinese shipbuilding industry also needs to cross the peak of high-power marine nuclear reactors.
Many media have speculated that China's third aircraft carrier will be built using nuclear power propulsion. If this goal is to be achieved, the technology of high-power ship nuclear reactors must achieve breakthroughs. It is said that the nuclear-powered aircraft carrier has to mention the United States.
The United States has been developing for more than 60 years since the 1950s, from the first "Enterprise" to install eight first-generation A2W reactors, to the second-generation A3W and third-generation A4W ("Nimitz"-class aircraft carriers installed two). Up to now, the two fourth-generation A1B reactors installed in the most advanced "Ford" aircraft carrier have increased the output power of a single unit to an astonishing 160,000 horsepower. The time interval for replacing the core fuel is expected to be extended to 30 years.
Therefore, taking the development road of high-power ship nuclear reactors in the United States as a reference, China's nuclear industry and the shipbuilding industry should join hands to fully invest in the research and development of related technologies. First, build a high-power reactor for land test and carry out the overall plan. After the technical demonstration; afterwards, the construction of a nuclear power reactor test ship, such as the 25,000-ton nuclear power icebreaker like the Russian "50-year victory", improved and improved the reactor technology; finally, entered the model development stage. With the requirement of 80-100,000-ton aircraft carrier, a single nuclear reactor with an output power of 60,000 horsepower will be developed. In this way, with four such nuclear reactors, it is basically guaranteed that the 80-100,000-ton aircraft carrier can reach a maximum speed of about 30 knots.
There are many nuclear-powered submarines in China. Can we not get nuclear-powered aircraft carriers? The power system of surface ships and submarines is very different in the working environment, usage mode and technical characteristics. Direct use of the nuclear submarine's power system for the aircraft carrier will lead to serious “acclimatismâ€. France is an example.
France’s blind choice of the submarine power system on the nuclear aircraft carrier project has become a negative example of the history of nuclear power ship development. In the 1970s, when France developed the replacement model of the "Clemenceau" class aircraft carrier, it was blindly determined by the US R&D nuclear-powered aircraft carrier to decide the launching of the nuclear-powered aircraft carrier program, namely the current "Gao Lele". However, due to the lack of large marine nuclear reactors for aircraft carriers, the new aircraft carrier was designed to use the K-15 reactor of the "King spin" class strategic nuclear submarine. Although considering the tonnage and conditions of use of the "Charles", the ship used two K-15 reactors, but found that it was still underpowered during use. At the same time, due to the increase in the number of reactors, the complexity of the "Charles" on the power system has also increased, resulting in reduced reliability and reduced airworthiness, affecting the combat effectiveness of the ship.
Use immature technology, especially on warships. If there is a problem, the impact can be great. Therefore, China’s nuclear power must be considered after the propulsion unit and reactor unit are mature and stable, otherwise it will not be worth the candle!
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