[Introduction]: 4G is dominated by Qualcomm. Everyone pays "Gaotong Tax" to the heart of the blood. The next 5G era is no longer dominated by Qualcomm. It is good for everyone, except Qualcomm. Now that the 5G race has begun, who can win in China, the United States and Europe?
Two years ago, the 3GPP vote event, let Lenovo fall into the nickname of a traitorous country, although not so serious, but this shows the importance of the 5G standard, 4G is dominated by Qualcomm, everyone pays "high-pass tax" to the heart, pick up The 5G era that came down is no longer uniquely owned by Qualcomm. It is good for everyone, except Qualcomm.
Now that 3GPP has settled, don't worry about it. Not long ago, the final conference of 5G mobile communication standard was held in Busan, South Korea. The conference will finalize the relevant standard technologies for 5G commercialization. The first edition of the 5G standard will be officially released in June.
In 2017, 34% of the submissions for the 5G standard were from Chinese companies and the countries with the most submissions.
However, the US side appears to be somewhat weak on 5G. At present, the number of suppliers is decreasing, making the competition insufficient, and the motivation for responding to operators and customers will be weaker.
The Sino-US trade war at the beginning of this year was centered around 5G. The rise of China and the calm of the United States made the United States jealous of China. However, the 5G standard process was not delayed and was still in the midst of an intensive agreement.
In 2018, it is a crucial year for countries around the world to deploy 5G.
After the first edition of the 5G standard is confirmed in June, it means that the global 5G process will increase rapidly, and the competition of the 5G industry in various countries will become increasingly fierce.
According to public reports from various countries, Chinese operators indicated that they will set up a large-scale trial network in 2018, start 5G network construction in 2019, and officially commercialize 5G networks in 2020. The four major US operators have also announced their first phase of 5G. Deployment schedule, deployment time is concentrated in the second half of 2018 to 2020; the EU has also decided to open 5G spectrum and requires pre-commercial testing in 2018.
The starting gun of the 5G service competition has already started. What is the performance of the countries in this increasingly fierce 5G racing competition?
China: 2020 or the year of the exam
In the 5G world's top players camp, Chinese companies have been very active.
According to wireless technology company Inter Digital Inc. In the calculation of the 5G standard scheme submission last year, 34% of the schemes came from Chinese companies, and China was the country with the most submissions.
The achievements of Chinese companies in 5G are inseparable from the support of the government. As early as February 2013, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Science and Technology jointly established the IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group, relying on major special projects to vigorously support 5G technology innovation, comprehensively launch 5G technology research and development experiments, and establish the world's first government-led and planned National 5G trial.
In the view of Zeng Jianqiu, a professor at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, there are three main reasons for China's development in the 5G era:
First, China has a strong 5G market and user scale. According to the data, the number of mobile Internet users in China has reached 1.4 billion, even exceeding the population. The user base of Chinese smartphones is also very large. The number of Apple phones sold by Apple alone to Chinese consumers is close to 200 million. This huge market demand has also prompted the Chinese parties to actively prepare for 5G.
Second, China has a good network foundation. At present, China has built 125 large and very large data centers, which have strong support for the development of mobile data and Internet services. Taking the fiber broadband penetration rate as an example, China's fiber broadband penetration rate can reach 80%.
Third, the Chinese market is inclusive and able to take advantage of its strengths to promote its own development. As early as in the 3G era, China began to absorb communication standards formulated by countries such as Europe and the United States to conduct research and study. In the 5G era, Zhang Feng, chief engineer of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, publicly stated that China encourages enterprises, including some foreign partners, to actively participate in 5G R&D and testing, and encourage foreign companies to cooperate better with Chinese companies.
"China's growing strength in the 5G era is the trend of the times." Zeng Jianqiu said.
Chinese Academy of Engineering academician He Hezhen also said in an interview with the China News Service that the China Express News Agency is now striving that China is now striving to move ahead in the 5G era, trying to change the backward situation in the 3G and 4G eras, and making itself in the 5G standard setting. The contribution is also striving for the right to speak in the international community.
2018 will be a key year for China's 5G standard determination and commercial product development. According to the contents of the press conference of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, China's three tasks of “standards, R&D and testing†will be carried out simultaneously in 2018.
"In order to further promote the application and development of the fifth generation mobile communication system, in January this year, we held the third phase of the standard release conference, and issued the "textbook" and "examination outline" to the participating enterprises, which also marked the official R&D trial. Entered the third stage." Zhang Feng said. According to the plan released by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China will fully implement 5G commercial use in 2020.
The government, operators, and enterprises are "three-pronged". Will China lead in the 5G era? It seems that 2020 will be the year of the "big test."
US: Leading position is threatened
With the global 5G competition becoming increasingly hot, American companies are also actively deploying, hoping to regain the throne of the "communication industry boss."
In the 1G era, American company Motorola pioneered the development of wireless communication tools, and created the era of analog communication, becoming the undisputed communications industry leader at that time.
But in the 2G era, the EU has developed a new mobile communication technology GSM, and the global GSM mobile subscribers have once exceeded 1 billion. At the same time, although the American company Qualcomm developed CDMA to compete with it, it failed to become a global communication standard.
In the 3G era, China’s debut and Europe’s pursuit of victory have made the US communications industry’s global control even more declining.
In the global 4G standard competition boom, FDD-LTE launched in Europe and TD-LTE launched in China became the 4G standard, while WiMAX launched in the US gradually withdrew from the 4G stage.
Zeng Jianqiu said: "In fact, there are only two major standards left in the late stage of 4G development. When the United States was in 4G, it no longer played a leading role in standards."
From the independence of a 1G era to the separation of powers in the 3G era, and finally to the 4G era, "the United States has found itself not very strong in the communications industry," Wang Zhiqin, vice president of China Information and Communication Research Institute. Also said: "The United States does not currently have a dominant telecom equipment manufacturer."
In this regard, telecom analyst Fu Liang bluntly said: "The current US suppliers are reduced, making the competition insufficient. There are not many global equipment, the remaining companies are more monopolistic, and the reported prices are higher, responding to operators. The motivation for customer demand will be weaker."
In addition, the US layout 5G, frequency allocation is another problem that cannot be avoided. "In terms of frequency allocation, the United States needs to coordinate in the IF section," Wang Zhiqin said.
He He also said: "The frequency allocated by the United States is relatively high. Such a high frequency band is not suitable for wireless cellular networks. This part needs to be further resolved."
EU: 5G development is relatively conservativeThe EU issued the “5G Action Plan†as early as 2016. The plan clearly states that pre-commercial testing will begin in 2018. By 2020, at least one major city will be selected in each member country to complete the 5G deployment and complete by 2025. 5G deployment of major roads and railways.
However, the industry has a lot of negative voices about the deployment of 5G in Europe. “Europe is clearly behind China and North America in terms of 5G commitment and deployment,†said CC Wood Insight research director Ben Wood in an interview with the media.
This is not a statement. The technology research and consulting company GlobalData Technology also pointed out in its latest release: Although the 5G network will indeed become a mainstream technology in 2020, the European arrangement will be far behind Asia and the United States.
The US CNBC report also said that there are indications that the 5G promotion in Europe is likely to lag behind other regions such as the United States and China.
“One of the reasons why EU countries are lagging behind in the 5G sector is investment,†said Wang Zhiqin. In recent years, Europe’s economy has been relatively sluggish, and the overall business development of the Internet is not optimistic. From the perspective of operator network investment, the ratio of input and output is not high.
He Hejun agreed with this: "The situation of European economic development is not good, so there is a slight lack of investment, and the deployment of 5G needs investment."
The slow deployment of 5G in the EU also has its historical legacy. “When Europe developed 3G and 4G, the government charged a relatively high frequency occupancy fee for frequency auctions, which caused certain cost pressure on enterprises.†Wang Zhiqin said: “Europe did not develop 3G and 4G. Seize the first opportunity, so the slow development of 5G is also a natural thing."
In terms of technology, EU countries also face challenges. Zeng Jianqiu said: "Europe is technically relatively simple. In the period of developing 3G and 4G, the technology is relatively simple. The WCDMA (one of the 3G international standards) that Europe later developed actually comes from the United States."
In addition, the United States began to allocate frequencies for 5G as early as 2016, and China has also announced plans for the use of frequencies in the mid-band of 5G systems, while European countries are still "arguing over" the allocation of radio spectrum: EU MPs have decided to release 5G radio frequencies in 20 years, while on the other hand, many industry insiders say they need more investment.
In this regard, Zeng Jianqiu said: "Because the EU is a decentralized system, it is indeed difficult to reach an agreement on this part of the issue. It will take some time."
5G is the cornerstone of the development of the Internet of Things. The Internet of Everything is inseparable from the super network speed of 5G. Therefore, all major enterprises in the world regard 5G as an important development business. Therefore, the China IOT Conference provides an opportunity to invite the above three major factions. Let's discuss the future of 5G together, and compare the advantages of 5G communication technology between Chinese and American companies.
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