Over the years, the aircraft collided with the birds and caused many aviation accidents. How to avoid the collision between the aircraft and the birds is indeed a "world-class problem" that many aviation industry people have racked their brains and tried to crack. Yuan Wei, deputy commander of a certain naval airborne aviation unit, in a flight training, the æ¼-15 fighter took off less than a minute to collide with the birds in a collision, the left engine suddenly burst fire, and the commander in the tower calmly and decisively commanded. With the reminder of the whole process, Yuan Wei calmly responded, 10 minutes and 57 seconds, received more than 50 instructions, completed the operation hundreds of times, successfully saved the fighter, set the fighter to hit the bird, the load exceeded the limit landing, low altitude The successful aviation of a single forced landing has dealt with miracles.
Yuan Wei recently took off the æ¼-15 fighter and his comrades on a flight day to take off training. Less than a minute after taking off, Yuan Wei’s fighters were climbing and suddenly hit by birds. Yuan Wei said: "Because the bird group came from the front of the fighter plane, it was already very close when I saw it. I couldn’t hide. I had to keep the state and slammed into the flock of birds." Then, the left engine of the aircraft caught fire and was outside. I can see a long period of smoke.
The situation was urgent. The commander of the tower and the deputy head of the regiment, Lu Chaohui, successively issued a number of orders. Yuan Wei tried his best to control the fighters and prepare for a single landing. "The moment I hit the bird was very scary, but after that I had only one belief, that is, to bring the plane back." Lu Chaohui, the commander of the tower, said: "If the plane is uncontrollable and the fire cannot be extinguished, our first choice is The pilot was asked to leave the plane. But later through the external observation and the pilot's report, the aircraft was also controllable. It strengthened my confidence to let him land."
According to the principle of special handling, the engine on the left side should stop, and the left steering should be done. But behind a more than 250-meter hillside on the left is a densely populated urban area. If there is any eventuality, the consequences are unimaginable. Yuan Wei said that if I skydiving, I need to avoid residential areas. At that time, I wanted to turn right. I could take the opportunity to remind me that I was definitely not allowed to run the runway. The downtime pilot Ai Group drove the fighters closely to the back of Yuan Wei, paying attention to the fire and helping Yuan Wei maintain his status, giving him tips to monitor the work of his fighter engine.
With the cooperation of the tower commander and the comrades in the battle, Yuan Wei drove the fighter to the runway. However, due to the closure of the left engine, the hydraulic system was cut off and the landing gear could not be put down normally; and the altitude and speed of the aircraft were extremely small at that time. If the landing gear is placed, the resistance will increase very quickly and it is easy to stall. In the face of emergencies, the commander of the tower, Lu Chaohui, decisively ordered that Yuan Wei should not put up the landing gear and open up the force to make the fighters rise to a certain height. "As long as there is a height, the pilot can say everything. So in the case of a relatively stable state, let him put the landing gear emergency.
Yuan Wei opened the internal valve to force, and saw that the working condition is normal, it is more assured. However, at this time, the pilot found that the engine on the left side of Yuan Wei had pulled up white smoke and immediately reported the tower. The tower commander asked Yuan Wei not to put oil on and keep the oil. At this point, the flame on the left side of the Yuan Wei fighter is getting bigger and bigger. If the oil is drained, it is very dangerous.
At this time, Yuan Wei determined that the engine's fire has been temporarily controlled - the white tail smoke was formed by high-speed atomization of the unburned aviation kerosene, which eliminated the safety concerns of the ground commander's fire. He calmly responded, checked the aircraft's state parameters, turned on the landing taxi light, closed the throttle, and pulled the rod, trying to flatten the plane, reducing the impact force of the grounding moment, and the series of actions were orderly. "哧", the fighter wheel was grounded. In order to prevent the fighter from rolling due to the shift of the center of gravity, Yuan Wei made all his strength to hold the right rudder, press the rod to the right front, try to keep the balance of the body, and steadily slide along the center line of the runway to the end of the runway, landing perfectly! Yuan Wei said: "I was ready to rush out of the runway, but fortunately, the plane stopped normally and was 15 meters away from the edge of the runway."
The final improvement of æ¼15 focused on the materials and production of the æ¼-15 process. In the 1980s, the Soviet Union lacked advanced titanium alloy processing capabilities, so the rear fuselage titanium alloy frame was only assembled by electron beam welding. The weld strength was much lower than that of the integral forging, which seriously affected the structural strength and fatigue life. With the advancement of technology and the advantages brought by the development of large-scale machine tools, China can now produce the overall titanium alloy frame of the Su-27 series aircraft, which greatly enhances the structural strength and improves the overload capacity while also improving the use of the aircraft. life. Inheriting the built-in fuel tank of the Su-27 family, the æ¼-15 can be used for more than 3,000 kilometers without the use of the auxiliary tank transfer voyage. In the case of the maximum internal oil configuration, the flight resistance will not increase, and the vacant hanging points can be used for mounting. A variety of precision guided weapons with the highest operational flexibility.
Why do flying birds cause such a big harm to the aircraft? It can be said that the harm of birds to flight is a phenomenon that is often talked about but cannot be completely eliminated. After the bird crashed into the plane, the deputy captain Yuan Wei drove the æ¼15 fighter directly to the left engine and fired a long period of smoke.
Because the relative speed of the aircraft and the flying birds is very fast, the impact time is extremely short. The impact of the aircraft on a plane that collides with a small bird of 1 kilogram is equivalent to the energy of a projectile. Most of the current aircraft materials can not withstand such a big impact. The high-coupling engine is increasingly favored by the world civil aviation community because of its high power and low noise. However, such engines have a large exposed surface and a high probability of inhaling birds. In addition, the engine is strong, as long as the birds are slightly close to these engines, they must be sucked in. At the same time, the engine's speed is fast, and the bird hits the high-speed rotating fan blade. The energy of the collision is equivalent to the energy of a car crashing into a solid wall at high speed. If the fan blades are broken by the bird. The debris will break into the "core machine" with the airflow, destroying the "compressor" blades and other components, causing more serious consequences.
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